动词不定式归纳笔记 ,动词不定式的用法总结

本文目录

1.动词不定式的用法总结

2.高中英语动词不定式的用法总结

3.高中英语动词不定式知识点总结

4.初中英语动词不定式和动名词归纳

动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式(to do)是英语课的一个重点，也是很多考试中要考查的一个项目。你知道动词不定式的用法有哪些吗？接下来，我给大家准备了动词不定式的用法总结 ,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

▼▼目录▼▼

动词不定式的用法总结

名词的所有格形式

英语动词不定式短语

● 动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆：

一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。

二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。

三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。

1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。例：

To go in for sports helps you

stay fit.(book4，L28)

It helps you stay fit to go in for sports. It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.

注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等表示评价的形容词。

例：It's right of him to refuse the invitation1.(him为逻辑主语)

2、表语：Our duty is to protect the enviroment.

3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。

例：would you like to see my photos?

Kevin planned to visit his uncle.(book4，L11)

和plan用法一样的词还有：start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide等。

I found it very difficult to get a job.(it为形式宾语)

4、宾语补足语：

(1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to。

例：I asked a friend to read it to me.(book4，L2)

(2)在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，make，let，have，help等)后不带to。

例：They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.

5、定语：动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词的后面。

例：Vinny is the first disabled2 person to sail3 around the world.(book4，L1)

6、形容词补足语：在表示心理、感情、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明。

例：Weareverygladtomeetyouagain.

7、状语：表示目的、原因、程度等。

例：They brought in photos of their families for me to look at.(book4，L2)

8、“疑问词+不定式”用法：不定式前可带what，who，which，where，when，how等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中多用做宾语。

例：He didn't tell me where to go.

9、在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被动语态一般式(tobe+过去分词)”。

例：There are twenty more trees to be planted.

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● 扩展：名词的所有格形式

A. 's用在单数名词以及不以s结尾的复数名词之后：

a man's job 男人的活儿

the people's choice 人民的选择

men's work 男人的工作

the crew's quarters 船员的舱房

a woman's intuition 女子的直觉

the horse's mouth 马嘴

the butcher's(shop) 肉店

the bull's horns 公牛角

the child's voice 孩子的声音

women's clothes 妇女的服装

the children's room 孩子们的房间

Russia's exports 俄国的出口

B .省字撇(')用于以s结尾的复数名词之后：

a girls' school 一所女子学校

the students' hostel1 学生招待所

the eagles' nest 鹰巢

the Smiths' car 史密斯家的小汽车

C. 以s结尾的古希腊或罗马的姓名之后通常也只加省字撇(')：

Pythagoras' Theorem 毕达哥拉斯定理

Archimedes' Law 阿基米德原理

Sophocles' plays 索福克勒斯的戏剧

D. 以s结尾的其他姓氏之后可以用's或单独使用省字撇(')：

Mr Jones's/Mr Jones' house琼斯先生的房子

Yeats's/Yeats'poems叶芝的诗

E. 复合名词是在最后一个词之后加's以构成其所有格形式：

my brother-in-law's guitar我姐 /妹夫的吉他

由几个词组成的名字可同样处理：

Henry the Eighth's wives亨利八世的妻子们

the Prince of Wales's helicopter威尔士王储的直升机

's也可用在首字母缩写词之后：

the PM's(Prime Minister's) secretary首相的秘书

the MP's(Member of Parliament's) briefcase议员的公事包

the VIP's(Very Important Person's) escort要人的护送(摩托)队

注意：使用所有格形式时，“被拥有的”人或物之前的定冠词就不用了：

the daughter of the politician=the politician's daughter这位政治家的女儿

the intervention of America=America's intervention美国的干预

the plays of Shakespeare=Shakespeare's plays莎士比亚的戏剧

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● 英语动词不定式短语

1.It's time to do sth./It's time for sth 该做某事的时候了

eg:Now it's time to sing alone. 现在是独自唱下去的时候了。

2.can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待要做某事

eg:We can't wait to have a try. 我们等不及想要常试一下了。

3.Ask/tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)做某事

eg:Did I not tell you to help robbery/homicide? 难道我没有告诉你要去协助调查抢劫谋杀案么?

4.Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

eg:As long as I am alive, I'll not allow you to do that.

只要我活着就不允许你做那件事。

5.Be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事

eg:I did everything right, everything I was supposed to do.

我做的一切都是正确的,我做了一切我该做的事。

6.Would like/want (sb.) to do sth. 想要做某事

eg:I would like some coffee. 我想要一点儿咖啡。

7.Have sth/nothing to do 与……有关/与……无关

eg:This thing has nothing to do with you. 这事和你一点关系也没有。

8.find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉做某事……

eg:I find it difficult to live with him. 我发现跟他生活在一起是很困难的。

9.Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事

eg:I prefer to do hard work rather than do nothing at home.

我宁愿干重活而不愿在家无所事事。

10.It's +adj. for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说……

eg:It's difficult for women to get jobs in high position.

对妇女来说得到一个高职位的工作是很难的。

11.It's better/best to do sth. 最好做某事

eg:Generally, it's better to apply filler materials in thin layers.

一般来说,最好适用于薄层填充材料。

12.It takes sb/sth. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间

eg:It takes some time to cultivate a new friendship. 建立一段新的友谊需要一段时间。

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动词不定式的用法总结相关文章：

★ 不定式作宾语用法总结

★ 初中英语不定式知识点归纳

★ 不定式作状语的用法总结

★ 动词不定式是如何否定的

★ 不定式的特殊句型too…to…的用法

★ 英语动词知识讲解:6类动词的用法

★ 非谓语动词用法总结

★ 英语语法知识点总结

★ 英语基础语法知识点总结:动词的时态

★ 英语动词的语法归纳

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高中英语动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。
一、作主语
动词不定式作主语可位于句首。例如：
To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.
也可使用it作形式主语，而将其置于句末。例如：
It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.
动词不定式作主语的常用句型有：
1. It is＋adj./ n. (＋for sb.／sth.) ＋ to do sth.
用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。例如：
It is interesting to play this game.
It is necessary for you to change your job.
It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.
考例1：Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (88 MET)
A. now B. man C. that D. it
用于此句型的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。例如：
What a pity it is for you to have missed such a wonderful film.
It is good manners for the young to give their seats to the old.
2. It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.
该句型中只能使用描述某人的品德、特征的形容词，如： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。例如：
How rude it was of the boy to jump the queue!
It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.
How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance！
3. It takes sb.＋some time＋to do sth.
该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。例如：
It took us half an hour to ride to the town by bike.
二、作表语
动词不定式作表语常用于以下结构：My wish/ job/ aim/ goal is…及The next step/ measure is …等。例如：
Your job is to type the papers in the office.
The next measure is to stop the river from being polluted.
三、作宾语
常见的只能使用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, choose, decide, hope, fail, wish, refuse, expect, manage, plan, intend, pretend, promise, offer, afford, demand, arrange等。例如：They decided to build a highway between these two cities.
She offered to help me when I was in trouble.
believe, think, consider, feel, make等动词可用于“动词+ it +adj. / n+to do sth.”句型，其中使用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。例如：
I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the long work.
She felt it her duty to help the old woman.
四、作宾补
可后接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise, allow, ask, hear, order, see, tell, want, wish, watch等。例如：
The doctor advised her no to eat too much sugar.
I wish you to go to the meeting with me.
believe, consider, count, declare, deny, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, know, prove, realize, suppose, think等动词后可接to be型不定式作宾补。例如：
He declared himself to be a college student. 他自称是名大学生。
The police proved him to be a thief. 警察局证实他是小偷。
hope, demand, suggest等动词不能后接动词不定式作宾补。例如：
【误】I hope my son to be back soon.
【正】I hope my son will be back soon.
【误】She suggests us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She advises us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She suggests that we (should) have a discussion about it.
在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)“三使”(make, let, have)“两听”(hear, listen to)“一感觉”(feel)。例如：
Who made him work all night long?
但是，改为被动结构后，应补出省略的to。例如：
He was seen to break the window.
五、作定语
动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词语之后，即：作后置定语。例如：
Have you got anything to eat? (to eat修饰anything，位于其后)
下列名词后常接动词不定式作定语：ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish等。例如：
But she gave up the chance to go abroad.
由only, first, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，也常接不定式作定语。例如：
Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?
六、作状语
动词不定式作状语，可表示目的、原因、结果或条件。例如：
We went there to see our grandparents.（目的）
I am very sorry to hear that.（原因）
She hurried home only to find her father dead.（结果）
To look at the picture, you would like it.（条件）
作目的状语，还可以使用in order to或so as to。例如：
The boy worked so hard in order to make up for the lost time.
结果状语还可以使用enough to, too…to…, so…as to, such… as to等结构。例如：
He got up too late to miss the early bus.
She was in such a hurry as not to notice me. 她如此匆忙，以致没有注意到我。

高中英语动词不定式知识点总结

初三英语语法中动词不定式的知识点总结

　　 一. 定义：

　　动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

　　 二. 动词不定式的构成： to+动词原形

　　三. 动词不定式作宾语

　　后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。

　　We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。

　　The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。

　　动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)

　　1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同： remember to do 记住要做某事

　　remember doing 记得曾经做过某事

　　forget to do忘记要做某事

　　forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事

　　stop to do 停下来去做某事

　　stop doing 停止做某事

　　go on to do 继续做另一件事

　　go on doing 继续做原来在做的事

　　I remember seeing you somewhere before.

　　我记得以前在哪儿见过你。

　　Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.

　　离开时请记得关好灯。

　　2. 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。

　　如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep.

　　他发现很难入睡。

　　四. 动词不定式作宾语补足语

　　1. 后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的.动词有：ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。

　　The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。

　　I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。

　　We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。

　　2. 使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。

　　Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。

　　I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。

　　感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。

　　I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事) I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)

　　五. 动词不定式作状语

　　Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他离开家到不同的城市工作。 He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比赛了。

　　In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.

　　为了赶上其他同学，我必须努力学习。

　　六. 动词不定式作定语

　　不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面。

　　I need something to eat.

　　Do you have something to read?

　　Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.

　　He is really a fool only to eat.

　　The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.

　　The doctor had no way to save the patient.

　　注意：

　　(1)作定语的不定式是由及物动词组成，被修饰的名词或代词与不定式之间存在方位或方式关系需要有介词。

　　I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间住房。(方位关系) We have many things to do experiments with.

　　我们有许多做实验的东西(方式关系)

　　(2)作定语的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”构成的动词短语。

　　Here there isn’t any book for me to be interested in.

　　We have done many things to proud of. 我们做了许多引以自豪的事。

　　七. 动词不定式作主语

　　To give is better than to receive.

　　To reach there on foot is impossible.

　　动词不定式作主语时，可以用it 代替，把实际主语不定式放在后面。 It’s better to give than to receive.

　　It’s impossible to reach there on foot.

　　It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.

　　It’s not difficult for me to study English well.

　　It’s easy for him to work out this math problem.

　　在这个句型中，如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切，并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等，由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice,kind, good, wrong, right等。

　　八. 动词不定式和疑问词连用

　　动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when连用，构成不定式短语，可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。

　　How to do is still a question.

　　Have you decided when to leave?

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初中英语动词不定式和动名词归纳

动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，又叫非谓语动词。下面就和我一起了解一下，供大家参考。

初中英语动词不定式的用法

1、动词不定式作主语

动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。如要说明动作的执行者，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但如果表语是nice, kind, clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加of引导的短语。

2、动词不定式作宾语

一些动词，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。

3、动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。

4、动词不定式作宾语补足语

有些动词，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。应注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to，在被动语态中应加上to。

5、动词不定式作状语

动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。

6、固定句式中动词不定式的用法

在固定句式中对不定式的考察常见的有：had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。