微塑料和纳米塑料检测的方法和挑战：小型回顾,Polymer International

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微塑料和纳米塑料检测的方法和挑战：小型回顾
Polymer International ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-10 , DOI: 10.1002/pi.6348
Sangeet Adhikari _{1,

2} , Varun Kelkar _{1,

2} , Rahul Kumar ₂ , Rolf U. Halden _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

微塑料 (MPs) 和纳米塑料 (NPs) 构成了新发现的一类污染物，在空气、土壤、水和食物中引起了人们的关注，导致人类和动物不可避免地接触到这些污染物。由于分析物体积小、形态随机、聚合物多样性、应用涂层和吸引化学和微生物吸附物的巨大表面积，检测、鉴定和定量环境基质和生物群中的 MP 和 NP 具有挑战性。这篇小型综述探讨了 MP 和 NP 鉴定和量化常用分析方法的优缺点，包括立体显微镜、SEM、傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、流式细胞术和质谱技术，包括基质辅助激光解吸/电离时间-飞行中，裂解气相色谱-质谱法和液相色谱-串联质谱法。已经确定了精确 MP/NP 检测所涉及的分析挑战，并提供了建议，以确保解决常见数据质量问题的数据质量，包括难以获得无可辩驳的证据证明检测到的聚合物来源于样品，而不是样品采集过程中的样品污染，样品处理和分析。© 2021 作者。包括在样品采集、样品处理和分析过程中难以获得无可辩驳的证据证明检测到的聚合物来源于样品，而不是样品污染。© 2021 作者。包括在样品采集、样品处理和分析过程中难以获得无可辩驳的证据证明检测到的聚合物来源于样品，而不是样品污染。© 2021 作者。Polymer International由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表工业化学学会出版。

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Methods and challenges in the detection of microplastics and nanoplastics: a mini-review

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) constitute a newly recognized class of contaminants of emerging concern in air, soil, water and food, causing unavoidable exposure to humans and animals. Detection, identification and quantification of MPs and NPs in environmental matrices and biota is challenging due to the analytes' small size, random morphology, polymeric diversity, applied coatings and vast surface areas which attract chemical and microbial sorbates. This mini-review explores strengths and weaknesses of analytical methods commonly used for MP and NP identification and quantification, including stereomicroscopy, SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, flow cytometry and mass spectrometry techniques including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight, pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical challenges involved in precise MP/NP detection have been identified and recommendations have been provided to ensure data quality addressing common data quality concerns, including the difficulty of obtaining irrefutable proof that detected polymers originated from the sample as opposed to sample contamination during sample acquisition, sample processing and analysis. © 2021 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.

更新日期：2021-12-10

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