Presentation Transcript

1. STRUCTURES by Jaime R. Rico

2. Are these structures?

3. So, what is a structure? • Something that protects someone or something • Something that supports s.o. or s.t. • Something that contains s.o. or s.t • Something that…

4. Some concepts • A force is a push or pull that tends to cause an object to change its movement or shape • A load is an external force which acts on a structure. (e.g. weight) • An stress is an internal force which acts on a structure.

5. DEFINITION OF STRUCTURE • A structure is an arrangement of elements that resists loads. • A structure is an element or a set (group) of elements that withstand (support) loads without breaking or distorting (disforming) excessively (too much).

6. What does it mean to withstand a load? • Structures withstand loads if they can support all the forces acting on them without collapsing or breaking.

7. TYPES OF LOADS • Remember that a load is an external force which acts on a structure. • Loads are classified in: • Static (or Death) load: is a permanent force, acting on a structure. • This includes the weight of the structure itself and the non-moving parts it supports. • Dynamic (or Live) load: is a changing, or non-permanent force acting on a structure. • This includes the force of the wind and the weight of things that are in, or on a structure.

9. TYPES OF STRUCTURES • We can classifiedthemattendingtotheirorigin. • Natural structures: exist in theNature. • Manufacturedstructures: are builtbypeople.

10. NATURAL STRUCTURES • Are not made by people. • Occur naturally in the environment. • Examples: • Skeleton • Nest • Egg shell

11. MANUFACTURED STRUCTURES • Are built by people. • Are classified in: • Mass structures • Frame structures • Shell structures

12. MASS STRUCTURES • Are made piling up material • Examples: • Pyramid • Dam • Wall • Castle

13. PYRAMIDS

14. DAMS

15. WALLS

16. CASTLES

17. FRAME STRUCTURES • Are made from bars joined together to form a 'framework‘ • Most of the inside part of the structure is empty space • Are the most common construction choice. Why?

20. SHELL STRUCTURES • Use a thin, carefully shaped, outer layer of material, to provide their strength and rigidity • The shape of a shell structure spreads forces throughout the whole structure • Every part of the structure supports only a small part of the load, giving it its strength.

21. BODYWORK WII CONSOLE SHELL

22. SHELL-HOUSE

23. MIX STRUCTURES