高考英语听力测试与备考佟文柱

高考英语听力测试与备考 佟文柱

一、高考英语听力试题分析 1. 选材 2. 设题 3. 录音二、高考英语听力备考 1. 影响听力理解的因素 2. 听力材料的选取 3. 听力训练的指导

一、高考英语听力试题分析

1. 选材 （1）对话和独白具有明显的口语特征（2）话题广泛，涉及英语国家社会生活的各个方面（3）材料具有非测试状态下语言运用的真实性（4）每段对话或独白的语境相对完整（5）语法结构简单，多为简单句（6）所用词汇为高频词汇,总词数约800

2. 设题 （1）考查要点

理解主旨和要义（Listening for gist） What are the two speakers talking about? A. A family holiday. B. A business trip. C. A travel plan. What is the talk mainly about? A. The history of the school. B. The courses for the term. C. The plan for the day.

获取事实性的具体信息(Listening for detail） What was the normal price of the T-shirt? A. $15. B. $30. C. $50. Where did Rachel go? A. Spain. B. Italy. C. China.

对所听内容作出简单推断 (Inferring) Where are the speakers? A. In a store. B. In a classroom. C. At a hotel . Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home.

What relation is the woman to Mr. Cooper? A. His wife. B. His boss. C. His secretary. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. They are friends. B. They are strangers to each other. C. They are husband and wife.

理解说话者的意图、观点和态度（Comprehending the speaker） What does the woman mean? A. Cathy will be at the party. B. Cathy is too busy to come. C. Cathy is going to be invited. What does the woman think about the man’s idea? A. It’s interesting. B. It’s worth trying. C. It’s impractical.

（2）答案分布

（3）题干与选项 题干和选项较简短（题干约7.2词，选项约3.5词）选项的排列有规则选项语法结构一致 A. To sleep better. B. To recover from illness. （选项由短到长） C. To stay awayfrom their problems. A. A family holiday. B. A business trip. （选项由长到短） C. A travel plan.

A. 5:20. B. 5:10. （数字由大到小） C. 4:40. A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 3:00 pm. (数字由小到大) C. At 4:00 pm. A. Help set the table. B. Have a party. （选项长—短—长） C. Do their homework.

A. In a hotel. B. In a classroom. (选项短—长—短) C. At a hotel.

3. 录音

二、高考英语听力备考

1. 影响听力理解的因素 (1)主观因素（考生方面）：语言能力语言知识：语音、语法、词汇语言技能：听、说、读、写文化背景知识心理素质记忆能力短时或瞬时记忆力听力策略听前、听时、听后做什么，怎么做

（2）客观因素（测试方面）： 听力材料信息量、冗余信息量　　语言难度：陌生词汇、句子结构等专有名词：人名、地名、机构名、公司名等听力试题设题角度干扰项的干扰程度推断题的多少听力录音朗读语速朗读者的口音放录音的次数

2. 听力材料的选取 （1）听力材料的来源 (Different sources of listening) 教师 (Teacher talk) 学生 (Student talk) 演讲者 (Guest speakers) 教材录音 (Textbook recordings) 广播 (Radio) 电视 (Television) 光盘 (CD, DVD) 磁带 (Tape) 歌曲 (Songs) 互联网 (The Internet)

（2）利用互联网（Use the Internet） 在Google键入关键词: ELT listening downloads English listening listening test English conversation … （3）实用的网址 (Useful website addresses) 新闻时事网址 (News/current affairs-based): www.bbc.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/audiointerviews www.voanews.com/english/portal.cfm www.cnn.com www.cbsnews.com www.euronews.net www.britfm.com

3. 听力训练的指导 （1）养成良好的听力习惯保持良好的心态学会用英语思维 *边听边记录带着问题积极地听（2）精听和泛听相结合精听：逐词、逐句、逐段、逐篇反复听，听懂为止泛听：听各种媒体上的，带题和不带题的，听懂大意即可（3）训练短时或瞬时记忆能力重复记忆法重点记忆法情景记忆法

(4)掌握听的微技能 听前 (Pre-listening) 听时 (While-listening) 听后 (Post-listening) (5)加强听写、听读、背诵、阅读等的训练听写、听读、背诵对话和独白 (6)加强高考听力题型的适应性训练课上训练课下训练训练时间训练量 (7)调整考场上的心理状态

常见听力训练题型： 1. Listen and make the best choice. 2. Listen and complete the chart/table. 3. Listen and answer the questions. 4. Listen and make notes. 5. Listen and complete the sentences. 6. Listen and practise/repeat. 7. Listen and write what you hear. 8. Listen and read. 9. Listen and mark on the map/picture. 10. Listen. What topic do the speakers discuss? 11. Listen. What are the speakers talking about? 12. Listen and tick the words/expressions you hear. 13. Listen and put the events in order. 14. Listen and find mistakes/difference. 15.Listen. Are the statements true or false? 16. listen and match the people to the statements/dialogues. 17. Listen and write answers for yourself.

高考英语听力测试与备考 佟文柱